I-Disperse dyes yiyona nto ibalulekileyo kunye neyona nto iphambili kwishishini ledayi.Azinamaqela anamandla anyibilikayo emanzini kwaye ziyi-non-ionic dyes ezidaywe kwindawo esasazekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokudaya.Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukuprinta kunye nokudaya i-polyester kunye namalaphu ayo adibeneyo.Isenokusetyenziswa ekushicileleni nasekudayeni iintsinga zokwenziwa ezifana nefayibha ye-acetate, inayiloni, i-polypropylene, ivinyl, kunye ne-acrylic.
Isishwankathelo seedayi ezisasazwayo
1. Intshayelelo:
Idayi ye-Disperse luhlobo lwedayi enyibilikayo kancinane emanzini kwaye isasazwe kakhulu emanzini ngesenzo sokusabalalisa.Iidayi ezisasazwayo azinamaqela anyibilikayo emanzini kwaye zinobunzima obuphantsi bemolekyuli.Nangona ziqulethe amaqela e-polar (afana ne-hydroxyl, amino, i-hydroxyalkylamino, i-cyanoalkylamino, njl.), zisezidayi ezingezona ionic.Idayi ezinjalo zineemfuno eziphezulu zasemva kokunyanga, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka zigaywe ngelitye phambi kwe-dispersant ukuze zibe ngamaqhekeza aphezulu kunye ne-crystal-stable ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe.Utywala bedayi yeedayi ze-disperse yi-uniform kunye nokumiswa okuzinzileyo.
2. Imbali:
Idayi ye-Disperse yaveliswa eJamani ngo-1922 kwaye isetyenziselwa ukudaya iintsinga zepolyester kunye ne-acetate fibers.Yayisetyenziselwa ukudaya iifiber zeacetate ngelo xesha.Emva kweminyaka yee-1950, ngokuvela kweentsinga ze-polyester, iye yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibe yimveliso enkulu kwishishini ledayi.
Ukuhlelwa kweedayi ezisasazwayo
1. Ukuhlelwa ngokwesakhiwo semolekyuli:
Ngokwesakhiwo seemolekyuli, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: uhlobo lwe-azo, uhlobo lwe-anthraquinone kunye nohlobo lwe-heterocyclic.
I-Azo-type chromatographic agents zigqityiwe, zinemibala ephuzi, i-orenji, ebomvu, emfusa, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neminye imibala.I-Azo-type disperse dyes inokuveliswa ngokwendlela ye-azo dye synthesis system, inkqubo ilula kwaye ixabiso liphantsi.(Ukubalwa malunga ne-75% yeedayi ezisasazwayo) Uhlobo lwe-anthraquinone lunemibala ebomvu, emfusa, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neminye.(Ukubalwa malunga ne-20% yeedayi ezisasazwayo) Ugqatso lwedayi oludumileyo, uhlobo lwedayi olusekwe kwi-anthraquinone uhlobo lwe-heterocyclic, luhlobo olutsha lwedayi, oluneempawu zombala oqaqambileyo.(Uhlobo lwe-heterocyclic lubalelwa malunga ne-5% yeedayi ezisasazwayo) Inkqubo yokuvelisa uhlobo lwe-anthraquinone kunye ne-heterocyclic uhlobo lwe-disperse dyes luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ixabiso liphezulu.
2. Ukuhlelwa ngokokumelana nobushushu kwesicelo:
Inokwahlulwa ibe yintlobo yobushushu obuphantsi, uhlobo lobushushu obuphakathi kunye nohlobo lobushushu obuphezulu.
Idayi zobushushu obuphantsi, ukukhawuleza kwe-sublimation ephantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle komgangatho, ukulungele ukudinwa kokudaya, okuhlala kubizwa ngokuba yi-E-type dyes;Idayi yobushushu obuphezulu, ukukhawuleza kwe-sublimation ephezulu, kodwa inqanaba elibi, lilungele ukudaya okutshisayo okunyibilikayo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-S-type dyes;Idayi zobushushu obuphakathi, kunye nokukhawuleza kwe-sublimation phakathi kwezi zimbini zingasentla, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-SE-type dayes.
3. Isigama esinxulumene nokusasaza idayi
1. Ukukhawuleza kombala:
Umbala weempahla ezilukiweyo uchasene neziphumo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, iikhemikhali kunye ne-biochemical kwinkqubo yokudaya kunye nokugqiba okanye kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa.2. Ubunzulu obusemgangathweni:
Uthotho lwemigangatho evunyiweyo yobunzulu obuchaza ubunzulu obuphakathi njengobunzulu obuqhelekileyo obuyi-1/1.Imibala yobunzulu obulinganayo obuqhelekileyo ilingana ngokwengqondo, ukuze ukukhawuleza kombala kunokuthelekiswa kwisiseko esifanayo.Okwangoku, iphuhliselwe kubunzulu obuqhelekileyo obuthandathu be-2/1, 1/1, 1/3, 1/6, 1/12 kunye ne-1/25.3. Ubunzulu bokudaya:
Ichazwa njengepesenti yobunzima bedayi kubunzima befayibha, ukuxinana kwedayi kuyahluka ngokwemibala eyahlukeneyo.Ngokubanzi, ubunzulu bokudaya yi-1%, ubunzulu bokudaya nge-navy blue yi-2%, kwaye ukudaya komnyama yi-4%.4. Ukutshintsha umbala:
Ukutshintsha komthunzi, ubunzulu okanye ubukhazikhazi bombala wengubo edayiweyo emva konyango oluthile, okanye umphumo odibeneyo wolu tshintsho.5. Ibala:
Emva konyango oluthile, umbala wengubo edayiweyo idluliselwa kwindwangu esondeleyo, kwaye i-lining fabric is stained.6. Isampulu yesampulu engwevu yekhadi lokuvavanya ukuguquka kombala:
Kuvavanyo lokukhawuleza kombala, isampulu yesampulu eqhelekileyo yekhadi esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iqondo lokujika kombala wento edaywe ngokubanzi ibizwa ngokuba yisampulu yesampulu yokutshintsha kombala.7. Isampulu yesampulu engwevu yekhadi lokuvavanya amabala:
Kuvavanyo lokukhawuleza kombala, isampulu yesampulu engwevu eqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya inqanaba lokungcoliswa kwento edayiweyo kwilaphu lelaphu libizwa ngokuba yisampulu yesampulu edyobhayo.8. Ukulinganisa ukukhawuleza kombala:
Ngokovavanyo lokukhawuleza kombala, inqanaba lokuguquguquka kwamalaphu adayiweyo kunye nenqanaba lokungcolisa amalaphu axhasayo, iipropathi zokukhawuleza kombala welaphu zilinganisiwe.Ukongeza ekukhanyeni kokukhanya okusibhozo (ngaphandle kwe-AATCC yokukhanya okusemgangathweni oqhelekileyo), ezinye ziyinkqubo yemigangatho emihlanu, inqanaba eliphezulu, ngcono ukukhawuleza.9. Ilaphu lelinen:
Kuvavanyo lokukhawuleza kombala, ukuze kugwetywe iqondo lokungcoliswa kwelaphu elidayiweyo kwezinye iintsinga, ilaphu elimhlophe elingadaywanga liphathwa ngelaphu elidayiweyo.
Okwesine, ukukhawuleza kombala oqhelekileyo wokusabalalisa idayi
1. Ukukhawuleza kombala ekukhanyeni:
Ukukwazi kombala we-textile ukumelana nokuvezwa kokukhanya okwenziweyo.
2. Ukukhawuleza kombala ekuhlambeni:
Ukuchasana nombala weempahla kwisenzo sokuhlamba iimeko ezahlukeneyo.
3. Ukukhawuleza kombala ukuhlikihla:
Ukumelana nombala weempahla ezilukiweyo ukuhlikihla kunokohlulwa kukuqina okomileyo nokumanzi.
4. Ukukhawuleza kombala kwi-sublimation:
Iqondo apho umbala we-textile umelana nokuthotywa kobushushu.
5. Ukukhawuleza kombala ukuya ekubileleni:
Ukuxhathisa kombala wempahla yokubila ukubila komntu kunokohlulwa kube yiasidi kunye nokubila kwealkali ngokukhawuleza ngokobumuncu kunye nealkalinity yokubila kovavanyo.
6. Ukukhawuleza kombala ekutshayeni nasekuphelelweni:
Ukukwazi kwamalaphu ukuxhathisa initrogen oxides emsi.Phakathi kwedayi ezisasazwayo, ngakumbi ezo zinesakhiwo se-anthraquinone, iidayi ziya kutshintsha umbala xa zidibana ne-nitric oxide kunye ne-nitrogen dioxide.
7. Ukukhawuleza kombala kuxinzelelo lobushushu:
Ukukwazi kombala weempahla zokulwa ukuchasana ne-ironing kunye ne-roller processing.
8. Ukukhawuleza kombala kubushushu obomileyo:
Ikhono lombala we-textile ukuxhathisa unyango olushushu olomileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-21-2022